四六级

　　说到英语六级翻译考试的难点还是长难句，今天小编就为大家介绍一下名词性从句如何翻译，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的翻译特点，希望可以帮到正在备考的同学。

　　首先说一下主语从句。就主语从句而言，相对典型的是it充当形式主语。我们看一下真题例句。

　　Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. (2000-72)

　　在这个句子里，it is obvious that...that引导主语从句，obvious“明显的;显而易见的”，那么it is obvious that怎么翻译呢?可以翻译成“明显的是...”，也就是说，it is + a. + that可以译成“a.是...”。我们看一下整个句子的结构it is obvious that..., and that... and并列两个由that引导的主语从句;另外，在这个句子里，be bound up with表示“与...有密切关系”;in turn“反过来”;rest upon“依赖于，取决于”。这个句子完整的译文就是“更进一步来说，显而易见的是，一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率直接相关，而反过来，效率的提高有赖于各类科技人员的努力。”

　　And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. (1993-74)

　　我们看一下这个句子。it is imagined by many that...that引导主语从句。imagine“想象，猜想”，也可以翻译成“认为”。那么，it is imagined by many that怎么翻译呢?可以翻译成“许多人认为...”，也就是说，it is + done + (by sb.) + that可以译成“sb./人们do...”。我们看一下整个句子的结构it is imagined by many that..., and that... and并列两个由that引导的主语从句;另外，在这个句子里，by no means“决不”;be compared with“与...相比较”。这个句子完整的译文就是“许多人以为，普通人的思维活动根本无法和科学家的思维过程相比，这些思维过程必须经过某种专门训练才能获得。”

　　就宾语从句而言，相对典型的就是it充当形式宾语。

　　You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories. (1993-73)

　　You have all heard it repeated that...it充当形式宾语，that引导的从句才是真正的宾语。“You have all heard it repeated that.., that..., and that...”。宾语由三个that引导的并列从句来充当。You have all heard it repeated that你们都听过宾语重复，换句话说，就是“你们都多次听过这样的说法”。另外，在这个句子里，men of science指的是“科学家”;by means of“通过，借助”;induction归纳;deduction演绎;by the help of“借助”;in a sort of sense“从某种意义上来说”;extract...from...“提取，总结”。整句话的译文就是“你们多次听过这样的说法，科学家通过归纳法和演绎法来工作;从某种意义上来说，他们利用这些方法从大自然中总结出某些自然规律;然后根据这些规律，借助自身的一些特殊本领，来建立自己的理论。”

　　就表语从句而言，只要是从句位于系动词后充当表语，就是表语从句，按照顺序翻译即可，在这里不详细介绍。

　　就同位语从句而言，可以关注一下分隔结构，即抽象名词和同位语从句之间存在其他成分。

　　On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observe, he had no power of reasoning. (2008-48)

　　抽象名词charge和that引导的同位语从句之间被其他成分即后置定语隔开，可能对理解造成一定的干扰。整句话的译文是“另一方面，一些批评家指责，达尔文虽然善于观察，但是没有推理能力，达尔文认为这样的指责缺少依据。”

　　以上就是小编为大家介绍的英语六级翻译技巧，想了解更多四六级备考课程、备考攻略，请点击文都网校四六级资讯站查询!

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