2016年英语四级:语法知识在翻译中的应用
时间:2016-10-11 来源:文都网校 浏览:想要在 英语四级 翻译中取得一个理想的成绩,首先需要打牢基础,清楚各类语法知识,然后,再配以相应的解题技巧,就可以在 英语四级翻译考试 中游刃有 余了。今天,文都网校小编就为大家介绍一下。
语法知识在翻译和写作两个部分运用的最多,下面我们来说一说 英语四级翻译 中的那些语法知识。
1.虚拟语气表示假想的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况,虚拟语气是由句中的谓语的特殊形式表示出来的。如:
If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in the air.
如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。
I wish I could pass the examination.
我希望我能*。
May you succeed!
祝你成功!
If only we had been college students last year!
上一年我们要是大学生该多好!
2.倒装结构:倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。
完全倒装:
In came the teacher and the class began.
There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.
Here is a ticket for you.
Up climbed the boy when his mother came.
In came the chairman and the meeting began.
Round the corner walked a large policeman.
部分倒装:
Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about.
Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.
Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.
He promised to finish my homework,so did I.
Tired as he was,we decided not to disturb him.
3.从句包括名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句。
4.非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以充当句子其他成分,如主语、宾语、状语等。
以下是英语语法知识在 英语四级翻译 中的一些应用:
1)修饰后置
例:做秘书是一份非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力的工作。
Being a secretary is a very complex job which needs the ability to organize, coordinate and communicate.
解析:本句中“非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力”是修饰工作的,所以修饰部分放在后面用which引导定语从句。
2)插入语
中国结(the Chinese knot)最初是由手工艺人发明的,经过数百年不断的改进,已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。
The Chinese knot,originally invented by craftsman, has become an elegant and colorful art and craft after hundred years of improvement.
解析:本句中“最初是由手工艺人发明的”是对中国结的补充说明,将它删掉之后主句依然完整,故在译文中将其作为插入语。
3)非限定性从句
中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史,在明朝和清朝时期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特别流行。
Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years, which was particularly widespread during the Ming and Qing Dynastie.
4)无主句
历代都有名匠、名品产生,形成了深厚的文化积淀。
We can see famous craftsmen and fine works in each dynasty , which has formed a deep cultural accumulation.
解析:本句中是没有主语的,这就需要我们为句子补上主语。所以出现了“we”。
以上就是语法知识在 英语四级翻译 中的应用,希望大家在平时多加练习,熟练运用。
- 2016英语四级考试
- 2016年英
- 责任编辑:lzx