四六级

　　刚刚考完 英语四级 的同学们，可以放松一下了，没有把握过的同学或者想再次刷分的同学们，大家可以拿来阅读读读，在不紧张的情况下，文都网校四六级辅导老师在分值上占比非常大的仔细阅读给大家做做文章，其实人是比较仁慈的，只是你硬把自己放到一个艰难的境地。

　　我们以2015年6月的一篇仔细阅读为例，梳理一下思路，给大家一个愉快的备战开端。

　　我们先看题干，56. what is happening in the workforce in rich countries? 57. what has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and poor? 58. what do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century? 59. What is the result of policy changes in European countries? 60. What is characteristic of work in the 21st century? 通过题干中的关键词我们大概能够知道的是文章涉及到劳动力、贫穷富裕、国家这些内容。然后从第一段或者二段首句找一下主题，找到最好，找不到也无妨。首段首句，Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled.正好是我们的第一道题，因此我们直接做题，答案也就在这句话中，也就是说受到良好教育的人要比那些没什么技能的人工作时间长。而答案正是well-educated people tend to work longer。我们不用花费时间去定位别的甚至还有些难度的句子就轻易选出了答案。首句也就是全文的主题。

　　顺着做57题，我们可以很容易定位到This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-education well off and the unskilled poor. 我们的答案是this gap,而因为涉及到了代词，这就是考察的关键点，代词所指代的内容，答案恰恰是对this的解释，碰到this必然前指，前指的一句话Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate.答案就是相关的内容。排除最不相关的A. Longer life expectancies和C. rapid technological advance.剩B. Profound changes in the workforce　和D. A growing number of well-graduated. 由关键词gap和compare能够知道是一种差距和比较导致的divide，而D没有涉及到比较，只是强调受过高等教育的人在增多，而B用change这个词概括了劳动力的变化。因此我们可以从多个角度思考。如果定位到了下一句话，则直接就是把答案C搬过来的。因此，在分析句子之前的定位一步是至关重要的。

　　在考前大家做的就是梳理之前的题目的做题思路，按我们的定位分析走就对了，千万不要想着答案该是多么的五花八门，而非要选了一个难的看不懂的答案，结果还是错的。相信自己，希望大家都能够顺利通过四六级考试。

　　原文重现：

　　Question 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

　　Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-education well off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individual and society, are profound.

　　The world is facing as astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity (长寿)translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.

　　But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers (二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人) are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.

　　That even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generation. Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management knowhow to creativity. Do not necessarily decline with age.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　56、what is happening in the workforce in rich countries?

　　A. younger people are replacing the elderly

　　B. well-educated people tend to work longer

　　C. unemployment rates are rising year after year

　　D. people with no college degree do not easily find work

　　57、what has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and poor?

　　A. Longer life expectancies

　　B. Profound changes in the workforce

　　C. rapid technological advance.

　　D. A growing number of well-graduated.

　　58、what do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?

　　A. Economic growth will slow down.

　　B. Government budgets will increase.

　　C. More people will try to pursue higher education

　　D. There will be more competition in the job market.

　　59、What is the result of policy changes in European countries?

　　A. Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.

　　B. more people have to receive in-service training.

　　C. Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.

　　D. People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.

　　60、What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?

　　A. Computers will do more complicated work.

　　B. More will be taken by the educated young.

　　C. Most jobs to be done will be creative ones.

　　D. Skills are highly valued regardless of age.