四六级

　　英语四级阅读理解占总分的35%，相对来说比重较大，所以这部分对四级取得高分是关键，考生们需要多做题、多练习。小编为大家整理了英语四级阅读理解100篇精讲，希望可以帮助大家提升阅读能力。

　　英语四级阅读理解100篇之第三帝国成立影响

　　The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war between Germany and the United States. The compete destruction of democracy, the persecution of Jews, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. While speaking out against Hitler's atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937 the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.

　　American opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelt's "quarantine the aggressor" speech at Chicago (1937) in which he severely criticized Hitler's policies. Germany’s seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people. The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939 was another rude awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In August,1939 came the shock of the Nazi-soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war. The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted"cash and carry"exports of arms to belligerent nations. A strong national defense program was begun. A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend Act (1941) authorized the President to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere. In August, 1940 President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war. In December, 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.

　　1. One item occurring before 1937 that the author does not mention in his list of actions that alienated the American public was

　　[A] the burning of the Reichstag.

　　[B] German plans for conquest.

　　[C] Nazi barbarism.

　　[D] the persecution of religious groups.

　　2. The Lend-Lease Act was designed to

　　[A] help the British.

　　[B] strengthen the national defense of the United States.

　　[C] promote the Atlantic Charter.

　　[D] avenge Pearl Harbor.

　　3. American Policy during the years 1935-1936 may be described as being

　　[A] watchful.

　　[B] isolationist.

　　[C] peaceful.

　　[D] indifferent.

　　4. The Neutrality Act of 1939

　　[A] permitted the selling of arms to belligerent nations.

　　[B] antagonized Japan.

　　[C] permitted the British to trade only with the Allies.

　　[D] led to Lend-Lease Act.

　　5. We entered the war against Germany

　　[A] because Germany declared war.

　　[B] because Japan was an ally of Germany.

　　[C] after Germany had signed the Nazi-soviet Pact.

　　[D] after peaceful efforts had failed.

　　英语四级阅读理解100篇之第三帝国影响美国历史【答案详解】

　　1. A帝国大厦焚毁，众所周知，这是纳粹希特勒精心策划的一次政治阴谋，旨在迫害德国共产党。B. 德国征服计划。C. 纳粹之残暴。D. 迫害宗教团体。在文中都提到。见第一段第二句“民主的全面摧毁、对犹太人的迫害、摧残宗教、纳粹的残忍和野蛮，特别是德国及其盟国意、日、征服世界的计划激起美国极大愤怒，也带来了对又一次世界大战的恐惧。”

　　2. B 加强美国国防。见第二段导数第五句“1941年的租借法规定：总统对他认为保卫美国所需要的国家有权卖给、交换或借给他们物资。”A. 帮助英国，不对。C. 促进大西洋公约。大西洋公约是1941年8月，罗斯福和邱吉尔会面后的联合公告。D. 报复珍珠港。是1941年日本发起袭击的报复。

　　3. B 与世隔绝。这在第一段第三句“美国人民虽然反对希特勒的凶残等事，他们一般还是喜欢孤立(与世隔绝的)政策和保持中立。1933年和1936年的中立条约规定：禁止和交战国双方贸易和借贷。”A. 观察的。C. 和平的。D. 不正确的。

　　4. A 允许把武器卖给交战国。答案在第二段第六句“1939年的中立条约取消了武器禁运，允许进行现钞交易出口武器给交战国。”B. 和日本敌对。C. 允许英国只能和其盟国贸易。D. 导致租借条约。

　　5. A 因为德国宣战。这在第一段已有说明。尽管希特勒坏事做尽，美国还是倾向于中立政策。第二段罗斯福在芝加哥的演讲，态度稍有改变。严厉批评希特勒的政策，但仍然以中立为主。1941年日本袭击珍珠港，不久德国宣战，美国才不得不参战。

　英语四级阅读理解100篇之第三帝国影响美国历史【译文】

　　第三帝国的建立影响了美国历史上的一系列事件，最终导致了德国和美国之间的战争。对民主的竞争性破坏、对犹太人的迫害、对宗教的战争、纳粹的残酷和野蛮，特别是德国及其盟友意大利和日本征服世界的计划，在这个国家引起了极大的愤慨，并引起了对另一场世界大战的恐惧。美国人民在公开反对希特勒的暴行的同时，普遍赞成孤立主义政策和中立。1935年和1936年的《中立法》禁止与任何交战国进行贸易或向其提供贷款。1937年，总统被授权在国家间的战争中宣布武器禁运。

　　1937年，罗斯福总统在芝加哥发表了“隔离侵略者”的演讲，严厉批评希特勒的政策。德国占领奥地利以及1938年签订的《分裂捷克斯洛伐克的慕尼黑条约》(Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia)也激起了美国人民的热情。1939年3月对捷克斯洛伐克的征服是对第三帝国威胁的又一次觉醒。1939年8月，纳粹与苏联签订条约，9月，波兰遭受袭击，欧洲战争爆发。尽管同情反对第三帝国的民主国家，美国仍试图保持中立。1939年的中立法案废除了武器禁运，允许向交战国家“现金和携带”武器出口。一个强大的国防计划开始了。1940年通过了一项加强军事服务的法案草案。《租借法》(1941年)授权总统向他认为保卫美国所必需的任何国家出售、交换或租借物资。为了帮助英国，他们用一些超龄驱逐舰换取了在西半球英国领土上建立美国基地的权利。1940年8月，罗斯福总统和丘吉尔首相会晤并发表了《大西洋宪章》，宣布战后应该建立一个怎样的世界。1941年12月，日本在珍珠港对美国发动了无端袭击。紧接着，德国对美国宣战。