四六级

　　2019年上半年英语四级考试时间还有不到两个月，要开始做四级模拟题了，这部分尤其重要，考生备考阶段都需要做几套预测模拟题，练练考试感觉，另外，英语四级模拟题下载可以到文都网校四六级频道。

　　英语四级预测模拟题及下载

　　PartⅠ Writing　(答题时间30分钟)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Competition. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

　　1. 竞争使人们充满创造力，使人们更有效率。

　　2. 竞争促使生产出更好的产品和提供更优质的服务。

　　3. 竞争促进了社会的进一步发展。

　　PartⅡ listening comprehension

　　Section A (three news reports)略

　　Section B (two long conversations)略

　　Section C (three passages)略

　　PartⅢ reading comprehension(答题时间共40分钟)

　　Section A

　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage。

　　What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 47 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 48 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity. Perhaps the 49 to this ambivalence lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 50 ways of doing it。

　　The immigrant experience, too, has been one of in harmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 51 by imports-pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles。

　　Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit-ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 52 。

　　But strong opinions have not brought 53 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 54 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain。

　　The 55 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness.It’s no coincidence,then,that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚).It’s what we eat—and how we 56 it with friends。

　　[A]answer[B]result[C]share[D]guilty

　　[E]constant[F]defined[G]vanish[H]adapted

　　[I]creative[J]belief[K]suspicious[L]certainty

　　[M]obsessed[N]identify[O]ideals

　　Section B

　　空

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage。

　　It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (嫁妆). Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wife’s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property. The wife had the right to with hold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife。

　　The wife shared in the management of her husband’s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Miro’s personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace。” Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position。

　　57.Originally, the purpose of a dowry is to_________。

　　[A]give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s property

　　[B]help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the family

　　[C]protect a woman against the risk of desertion

　　[D]both A and C

　　58.According to the passage, the legal status of the wife in marriage was__________。

　　[A]higher than that of a single woman

　　[B]higher than that of her husband

　　[C]lower than that of her husband

　　[D]the same as that of her husband

　　59. Why does the author give us the example of Maria Vivas?

　　[A]To show that the wife shared in the management of her husband?s personal property。

　　[B]To show that the wife can defend her own inheritance。

　　[C]To prove that women have powerful position。

　　[D]To illustrate how women win her property。

　　60.The compensation Maria Vivas got for the field is____________。

　　[A]some of the land Miro had inherited

　　[B]a tenth of Miro’s land

　　[C]money for household expenses

　　[D]money form Miro’s inheritance

　　61. The author’s attitude towards Maria Vivas is_____________。

　　[A]sympathetic[B]disapproval [C]indifferent [D]objective

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage。

　　According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment。

　　Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group。

　　Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them。

　　Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the groups goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting cet4v.com enjoy a more distant respect。

　　62. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　[A]The problems faced by leaders。

　　[B]How leadership differs in small and large groups。

　　[C]How social groups determine who will lead them。

　　[D]The role of leaders in social groups。

　　63.The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can become leaders EXCEPT_____________。

　　[A]recruitment

　　[B]formal election process

　　[C]specific leadership training

　　[D]traditional cultural patterns

　　64. Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

　　[A]A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group。

　　[B]Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person。

　　[C]A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership。

　　[D]Most people desire to cet4v.com can produce little evidence of their qualifications。

　　65. In mentioning “natural leaders” in Line 7, the author is making the point that____________。

　　[A]few people qualify as “natural leaders”

　　[B]there is no proof that “natural leaders” exist

　　[C]“natural leaders” are easily accepted by the members of a group

　　[D]“natural leaders” share a similar set of characteristics

　　66. The passage indicates cet4v.com leaders generally focus on___________。

　　[A]ensuring harmonious relationships

　　[B]sharing responsibility with group members

　　[C]identifying new leaders

　　[D]achieving a goal

　　Part IV Translation ( 答题时间30分钟 )

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　人类之间为了钻石而相互残杀;国家之间为了石油而发动战争。但如果没有水，这世界上最珍贵的东西将一文不值。淡水是维持生命的必需品，无可替代。水，尽管几乎无法估价，却是世界上最贵重的东西。自然规律决定了水的供给是有限的。但随着世界人口的增加和生活水平的提高，人类对水的需求量增加的趋势是不可避免的。家庭、工厂和办公场所正在消耗越来越多的水，但是这个星球对于食物(和生产庄家和肉类过程中使用的水)日益增长的需求才是最忧心的问题。

　　英语四级模拟题及下载的答案

　　PartⅠ Writing

　　Competition makes people more creative and effective. It urges them to plan better, to try harder, and to achieve more. With a desire to excel in their work, people tend to perform more creatively and more efficiently。

　　Competition helps produce better products and provide better services. In the present world of intense competition, every manufacture tries his best to outmatch his competitor by producing goods of better quality at lower costs. As a result, consumers pay less and receive better service。

　　Competition promotes further development of society. If there were no competition, people would remain complacent and be unwilling to make any efforts or risk anything new. However, with fierce competition going on, they exert themselves to accomplish more. Their accomplishment will, in one way or another, contribute to the progress of society。

　　PartⅢ reading comprehension

　　Section A DMAIFBLKJC

　　Section B 空

　　Section C Passage One  CDBAD

　　Section C Passage Two DCABD

　　Part IV Translation

　　参考译文：

　　People kill each other over diamonds; countries go to war over oil. But the world’s most expensive commodities are worth nothing in the absence of water. Fresh water is essential for life, with no substitute. Although mostly unpriced, it is the most valuable stuff in the world. Nature has decreed that the supply of water is fixed. Meanwhile demand rises inexorably as the world’s population increases and enriches itself. Homes, factories and offices are sucking up ever more. But it is the planet’s growing need for food (and the water involved in producing crops and meat) that matters most.

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