四六级

　　2017年12月大学英语六级考试如期举行，今年英语六级考试有一则选词填空题是一篇与尼日利亚西红柿减产的文章。文都四六级老师为考生及时解析了英语六级真题中选词填空的答案及解析如下：

　　【题目】

　　Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage though carefully before making your choice. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.

　　The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria’s largest tomato-producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of 26 .The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by 27 on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It 28 incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan America.

　　In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets, the insect’s effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0.50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.

　　Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria’s minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food 32 “in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.

　　Despite being the continent’s second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year, as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.

　　【答案】

　　26. C) emergency

　　27. D) feeding

　　28. K) reproduces

　　29. I) originated

　　30. G) handful

　　31. F) halted

　　32. L) security

　　33. N) unchecked

　　34. A) dependent

　　35. J) reduction

　　【解析】

　　26. 根据介词后面需要搭配名词或动名词的原则，可知此空格处应填入名词结构，再根据前文语境中的destroy等词汇锁定答案为emergency，这里的a state of emergency，意为紧急状态。

　　27. 根据and所连接的并列结构中词形一致的原则，可知该空格应该填入一个现在分词形式，才能和后文的digging以及moving形成并列结构，因此备选项中有两个符合要求，一个是feeding，一个是embarking，结合语境应该选feeding，feed除了表示“喂养”的含义之外，还表示虫子进食;而embark的意思是“开始从事;登船”，与语境明显不符合。综上，故答案为feeding。

　　28. 根据主谓一致原则，确认该空格应在带有单数第三人称的动词中进行选择，符合要求的只有reproduces和grazes;再根据前后文语义应该填入 reproduces繁殖。

　　29. 根据句法知识和词性搭配，该空格应该填入过去分词形式，再根据空格后表示时间的若干词汇以及later spread，将答案锁定为 originated起源。

　　30. 根据词性搭配原则，此处应该填入可以表示数量的名词，故而在handful和multitude之间进行选择，再根据前后文语境都在讲“西红柿的产量因虫灾而大幅减少”这个语境，将答案确定为handful, a handful of tomatoes，一捧西红柿。

　　31. 根据句法知识和词性搭配，该空格应该填入过去分词形式，再结合后文“由于缺少西红柿”，可知结果应该是“番茄酱工厂停产”，故答案应该是halted，halt停止，相当于stop。

　　32. 根据介宾搭配原则，此处应该填入名词，再根据前文语义将答案确定为security，food security 食品安全。

　　33. 根据句法知识和词性搭配，该空格应该填入过去分词形式，再结合前文语境，可知答案为unchecked，未受制止的;听之任之的。

　　34. 根据主系表原则，该空格应该填入形容词，再结合介词on，可知答案为dependent，be dependent on 依赖。

　　35. 根据主谓宾基本原则以及词性搭配，可知该空格处应该是全句主语，故应该在名词之间进行选择，再根据语义，只有“reduction减少”符合。

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