四六级

　　在英语四级考试当中，阅读是大家一直很熟悉的考题，如果考前准备充足并学会了如何拆分长难句，那么高分就指日可待了。今天，小编继续为大家讲解英语四级阅读理解中的长难句，希望对备考的同学们有帮助。

　　In many cases, a victim's losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses，but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.

　　译文:

　　很多情况下，受害者所遭受的损失可能不仅包括直接的财务损失，还包括由犯罪分子造成的用于恢复受害者社会名誉和纠正错误信息的大笔额外费用。

　　讲解:

　　本句的主干是losses may include not only losses, but custs。not only...but…连接了include的并列宾语，起到递进的作用;associated with...是costs的后置定语，而costs之前的三个形容词皆为其定语;trying to…和 corrccting...都是介词with的宾语，其中for which引导的是information的定语从句，介词for和之后的responsible构成短语be responsible for。

　　not only...but...的意思是“不仅……而且……”，还可用作not only...but also...。如:

　　Not only the grandparents were there but also the aunts and uncles.不光是祖父母在那里，就连姑姑、叔叔也在那里。

　　substantial的意思是“数目大的，可观的”。如:

　　Their contribution to the project was substantial.他们为该项目作了大量的贡献。

　　associate sb./sth. with的意思是“将某人(某事物)联系起来，在头脑中联想”。如:

　　I always associated him with whisky.我总是由他联想到威士忌。

　　be responsible for的意思是“对……负责，归咎于…”。如:

　　Smoking is responsible far many cases of lung cancer.吸烟是很多人患肺癌的致病因素。

　　Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person's personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.

　　译文:

　　身份盗窃和身份诈骗是指所有通过欺诈等不正当手段窃取或使用他人私人数据以牟取经济利益的犯罪类型。

　　讲解:

　　本句的主干是Identity theft and identity fraud are terms。used to..是terms的后置定语，其中in which引导的是all types of crime的定语从句;in some way...为状语，其中that引导的是way的定语从句，typically for economic gain为目的状语。

　　refer to此处的意思是“提到，说到”。如:

　　When I said some people are stupid, I wasn't referring to you.我说有些人很愚蠢，并不是在指你。

　　involve的意思是“牵连，牵涉”。如:

　　The strike involved many workers.许多工人参加了罢工。

　　考点归纳:

　　refer to用法具体如下:

　　※ 意为“提到，涉及”。如:

　　Please never again refer to this accident.请永远不要再提这次事故了。

　　※ 意为“与……有关，关系到”。如:

　　What I said referred to all of you.我说的话和你们大家都有关。

　　※ 意为“向……查询信息等”。如:

　　He refereed to his watch for the exact time.他看了一下手表以便知道准确的时间。

　　希望大家在攻克了以上阅读难句后，可以更好的把握英语四级阅读理解题，想了解更多四六级备考课程、备考资讯，请点击文都网校四六级资讯站查询!

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