四六级

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　　Women who drank three or more cups of coffee aday were 30 percent less likely to have memorydecline at age 65 than whose who drank one cup orless daily. And the benefit increased with age.Women over age 80 who drank three or more cupsof coffee a day were about 70 percent less likely tohave memory decline than those who drank one cup or less. the researchers said.

　　Caffeinated tea had the same effect in the women. the study found, although more was neededto get the same caffeine boost. "Count roughly two cups of tea for a cup of coffee," saidstudy leader Karen Ritchie of INSERM, the French National Institute for Health and MedicalResearch.

　　But the researchers didn't find a similarly protective effect in men, although other studies havefound a benefit to males.

　　How might caffeine help ward off cognitive decline? "It is a cognitive stimulant." saidRitchie. It also helps to reduce levels of the protein called beta amyloid in the brain. she said. "whose accumulation is responsible for Alzheimer's disease but which also occurs in normalaging."

　　Ritchie said she wasn't sure why men in the study didn't benefit from caffeine. "Ourhypothesis is that either women metabolize caffeine differently than men, or there may be aninteraction of the caffeine with the sex hormones.the estrogen-progesterone balance," shesaid.

　　The French study confirms previous research, said William Scott. professor of medicine at theUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine. who has researched caffeine's beneficial effectsagainst Parkinson's disease, also a neurodegenerative disorder.

　　As for caffeine only protecting women, Scott noted that just 2,800 of the 7,000 studyparticipants were men. and the results might have differed if more men were included.

　　A study published in February in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition looked at 676 healthymen and found that regular coffee drinkers had a lower rate of cognitive decline over a 10-year follow-up than those who didn't drink coffee. Those who drank three cups daily had theleast signs of decline.

　　Both Scott and Ritchie agreed that more study is needed. Ritchie's research will next look at therelationship between caffeine and Alzheimer's.

　　1. As it is indicated in the l st paragraph, how does coffee influence women’s memory?

　　A) The older the woman was. the more remarkable her memory was.

　　B) The more coffee the woman drank, the more slowly her memory declined.

　　C) The older the woman was, the more slowly her memory declined.

　　D) The more coffee the woman drank. the more remarkable her memory was.

　　2. What is true about caffeinated tea?

　　A) It affected women’s memory in the same manner as coffee.

　　B) It influenced women’s memory as effectively as coffee.

　　C) It boosted women’s memory in the same rate as coffee.

　　D) It contained che same amount of caffeine as coffee.

　　3. According to Ritchie. Alzheimer's disease is resulted from________________.

　　A) the lack of caffeine in the brain

　　B) the accumulation of beta amyloid

　　C)high level of proteins in the brain

　　D) abnormal metabolism in normal aging

　　4. William Scott would most probably agree that caffeine helped_______________.

　　A) reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease

　　B) retard the process of cognitive decline

　　C) balance the production of female hormones

　　D) protect both men and women from diseases

　　5. What was the author's attitude towards the research of caffeine's beneficial effect on men7

　　A) Doubtful.

　　B) Convinced.

　　C) Matter-of-fact.

　　D) Cautious.

　　参考答案：

　　1.[C]首段第2句概括了该段的主要内容，句中的benefit指的是记忆衰退的减缓。因此本段内容为：年龄越长，记忆衰退就比同龄人越慢, 即C。本段关注的是咖啡影响记忆的衰退程度，而非咖啡是否能增强记忆，A.D(记忆力的好坏)在本段并未论及;虽然本段对比了喝三杯或更多咖啡的女性与喝一杯或更少的女性的记忆衰退程度，但这并不意味着咖啡喝得越多越好，因此，B、D中的the more coffee the woman drank这个前提不正确，故两项均错。

　　2.[A]第2段首句中的the same effect与上一段提到的benefit所指相同，故本句表明含咖啡因的茶和咖啡以同样的机制影响女性的记忆衰退程度，选A。第2段首句中although引出的让步状语从句表明咖啡的作用比茶明显。因此B不正确，这样看来，D(茶和咖啡含有同量的咖啡因)也是不正确的;C针对的是增强记忆，而非其衰退程度，不符合文章的论点，也不正确。

　　3.[B]第4段末句中的beta amyloid...whose accumulation is responsible for Alzheimer's disease表明B为本题答案。本题根据Ritchie和Alzheimer's定位原文后。答案就不难找到。

　　4.[B]第6段首句开头的The French study confirms previous research表明斯科特认同了法国人的研究结果，即咖啡因能减缓记忆衰退，因此本题选B。第4段提及咖啡因可以降低导致老年痴呆症的β淀粉酶的水平，但要注意的是，该段末也有提及老年痴呆症在正常的老化过程中也会出现，这意味着老年痴呆症也可能与β淀粉酶无关，那么，对于不是由β淀粉酶引起的老年痴呆症，咖啡因就不起作用了，强干扰项A的说法过于片面，可排除。

　　5.[C]本文是作者对一项研究结果的客观引述，没有涉及作者的个人态度，因此作者对文中任何观点话题的看法都只是持旁观者中立的态度，故选C。其他选项都具有积极或消极的词义色彩，不表明中立的态度。故均不能选。

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