四六级

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　　26.

　　A. To talk about Daniel Hale Williams' life.

　　B. To show how racial discrimination was.

　　C. To show how an African American paid off.

　　D. To demonstrate the first open heart surgery.

　　27.

　　A. Black doctors weren't allowed to use medical equipment.

　　B. Black doctors were hated by patients.

　　C. Black weren't allowed to do operations.

　　D. No black doctors could operate on white patients.

　　28.

　　A. The doctors didn't know hearts could take surgery.

　　B. The doctors didn't have the right cutting tools for the surgery.

　　C. The doctors didn't know what was happening in the patient's chest.

　　D. The doctors were so afraid that they dare not take the chance.

　　29.

　　A. The man didn't die on the operating table.

　　B. The man went on to live for 20 years later.

　　C. Everyone copied his method.

　　D. Many surgeries were performed after that.

　　听力原文：

　　[26]Daniel Hale Williams was an example of a brilliant African-American doctor who managed to find success despite the obstacles white Americans placed in front of him. He was born in 1856 in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania. Almost immediately after graduating, [27]he needed to open his own office because at that time no Chicago hospitals would allow black doctors to "use modern facilities and equipment to complete their medical training and care for patients". After two years of successfully running his own hospital, Daniel Hale Williams was confronted with an operation that had never been accomplished. While working in the emergency room, a black express man, James Cornish, rushed in with a knife trauma into his chest. [28]None of the other doctors seemed to know what to do since the external bleeding had stopped, plus there was no way for them to see what was happening inside his chest. This was because there were no x-ray machines available to the doctors, because they were not yet discovered. As the night progressed, Cornish's state began to diminish. After careful evaluation and assessment, Daniel decided that performing open heart surgery on Cornish was the most promising procedure for them to take. Daniel took on the challenge of performing an operation without much technology or advancement. While in the operating room, Daniel "decided to operate on the left side of the chest cavity. [29]The surgery was a success and James Cornish lived for twenty years after the operation was completed. With all of this agony and strength, Daniel Hale Williams became the first person to perform a successful heart surgery."

　　Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　26. What is the purpose of the passage?

　　正确答案：A

　　解析：短文谈到Williams医生作为一名黑人医生是怎样获得成功的，开头便介绍了文章主旨，故答案为A。

　　27. Why didn't Williams work at a hospital?

　　正确答案：A

　　解析：短文谈到，Williams毕业后自己开诊所，因为当时芝加哥的医院不允许黑人医生使用现代化的医疗器械，故选A。C项是强干扰项，无法使用医疗器械当然就不能做手术，但是“不能做手术”是无法使用医疗器械的后果，属于二级推导原因，并不是直接原因。

　　28. Why hadn't open heart surgery been performed before?

　　正确答案：C

　　解析：短文谈到其他医生不知道患者胸腔内部的情况，因为当时还没有发明X光机，故选C。

　　29. How do we know the operation was really successful?

　　正确答案：B

　　解析：短文谈到手术成功，术后患者还有20年的寿命，故选D。

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