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　　Today nanotechnology (纳米技术) is still in a formative phase. Yet it is maturing rapidly. Between 1997 and 2005, investment in nanotech research and development by governments around the world ____36____from $ 432 million to about $ 4. 1 billion, and corresponding industry investment exceeded that of governments by 2005. By 2015, products incorporating nanotech will contribute approximately $1 trillion to the global economy.

　　Descriptions of nanotech typically characterize it purely in terms of the minute size-assemblies between the size of an atom and about 100 molecular diameters (分子直径). 　　That____37____makes it sound as though nanotech is merely looking to use infinitely smaller parts than conventional engineering. But rearranging the atoms and molecules leads to new____ 38____ One sees a transition between the fixed behavior of individual atoms and molecules and the adjustable behavior of collectives. Thus, nanotechnology might better be viewed as the ____39____ of quantum theory (量子论) and other nano specific phenomena to fundamentally control the properties and behavior of matter.

　　The second stage, which began in 2005, focuses on active nanostructures that change their size, shape, conductivity or other properties during use. New drug delivery particles could release therapeutic(治疗的) molecules in the body only after they reached their____40____diseased tissues. Electronic components such as transistors and amplifiers with adaptive functions could be reduced to single, complex molecules.

　　Starting around 2010, workers will ____ 41____expertise with systems of nanostructures, directing large numbers of intricate components to specified ends. One application could involve the guided self assembly of nanoelectronic components into three dimensional circuits and whole devices. Medicine could employ such systems to improve the tissue compatibility of implants, or perhaps even to build ____ 42____organs.

　　After 2015 - 2020, the field will include molecular nanosystems. Whereas biological systems are water based and markedly temperature sensitive, these molecular nanosystems will be able to operate in a far wider range of environments and should be much faster. Computers and robots could be reduced to____43____small sizes. New interfaces linking people directly to electronics could change telecommunications. Over time, therefore, nanoteclmology should benefit every industrial sector and health care field. Nanotech does, however, pose new challenges to risk governance as well. Internationally, more needs to be done to collect the scientific information needed to resolve the ____44____and to install the proper regulatory oversight. Helping the public to ____45____nanotech soberly in a big picture that retains human values and quality of life will also be essential for this powerful new discipline to live up to its astonishing potential.

　　A.ambiguities

　　B.application

　　C.artificial

　　D.compulsory

　　E.cultivate

　　F.depiction

　　G.extraordinarily

　　H.illuminate

　　I.indignation

　　J.ingenious

　　K.instantaneously

　　L.perceive

　　M.properties

　　N.soared

　　O.targeted

　　参考答案：

　　36.N)。详解：根据句子结构可知，空格处缺少动词作谓语。由空格后的from$432 million to about$4.1 billion可知，世界各国政府对纳米技术研发的投资从l997年的4.32亿美元猛增到2005年的41亿美元。N)soared“猛增”符合句意，故为答案。

　　37.F)。详解：根据空格后的makes可推断此处缺少名词作主语。上文的assemblies between the size of an atom and about l00 molecular diameters是对纳米的描述，故F) depiction“描述”为答案。

　　38.M)。详解：根据空格前的new可推断此处缺少名词。结合句意：但是，重组原子和分子会产生很多新_____。M)properties“性能”符合句意，故为答案。

　　39.B)。详解：根据空格前的the和空格后的of可知，该空缺少名词。结合句意：最好把纳米 技术视为量子论和其他纳米类现象的而最终成为控制物质属性和活动的技术。B) application“应用”符合句意，故为答案。

　　40.O)。详解：由空格前their和空格后的diseased tissues可知，该空缺少形容词作定语。结合句意：只有当新型送药粒子到达_____疾病组织的时候，才能在身体中释放治疗分子。这些疾病组织应该就是要治疗的目标，故0) targeted“目标的”为答案。

　　41.E)。详解：根据空格前的will可推断此处缺少动词作谓语。空格后的expertise“专门的知识和技能”可以与E)cultivate“培养(某种技能)”搭配使用，故为答案。

　　42.C)。详解：根据空格后的0rgans可推断此 处缺少形容词作定语。artificial“人造的”与空格后的organs搭配使用，意为“人造器官”，与上文的Medicine could employ such systems to improve the tissue compatibility of implanks “医学界可以采用这类系统去改善植入物的组织兼容性”相呼应，故c)为答案。

　　43.G)。详解：根据空格后的small sizes可知，该空缺少副词。由空格前的be reduced to 可推知，这种尺寸应该是特别小的，故G) extraordinarily“特别地”为答案。

　　44.A)。详解：由空格前的the可知，该空缺少名词作宾语。空格所在的部分…needed to resolve the and to install the proper regulatory oversight被用来修饰the scientific information，科学信息可以解决ambiguities“含糊不清的问题”，故A)为答案。

　　45.L)。详解：由句子结构可知，该空缺少动词。结合句意：帮助公众清醒、全面地_____纳米技术，要让人们意识到在纳米技术下的生活仍然保持人类的价值观和生活特征，这也是充分 发挥纳米技术的潜能所必须要做的事情。L) perceive“感知”符合句意，故为答案。