四六级

2017年6月四级语法重点精讲:动词的时态语态

时间:2017-03-02 来源:文都网校 浏览: 分享:

      本文是小编为大家整理的四级语法基础中重要知识点:动词的时态语态的详细讲解,希望对大家2017年6月四级备考有帮助。

      2017年6月四级语法重点精讲汇总

      动词的时态

      1)现在完成进行时态(have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束.

      I’ve been writing letters for an hour.

      I’ve been sitting in the garden.

      2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作

      I’d been working for some time when he called.

      We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.

      3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作.

      By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.

      In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.

      4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时已发生的事.

      I shall have finished this one before lunch.

      They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.

      动词的语态

      可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:

      He was said to be jealous of her success.

      It was said that he was jealous of her success.

      能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.

      It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.

      The ship is supposed to have been sunk.

      担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如:

      Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制)

      双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态

      双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.

      He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.

      Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.

      宾补结构的被动语态:

      She was called Big Sister by everybody.

      Then he was made a squad leader.

      He was considered quite qualified for the job.

      The room was always kept clean and tidy.

      短语动词

      Vi + adv

      The plane took off two hours late.

      Vi + prep

      They looked round the Cathedral.

      Vi + prep (有被动语态)

      2017年6月四级语法重点精讲汇总

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