四六级

　　英语四级阅读理解是英语四级考试中的重点部分，题量大、时间段、分值占比高，为得高分，在平时的四级阅读备考中需加大练习量，这一篇是主题为：外部奖励的作用的英语四级阅读选词填空练习题及答案，希望对大家2017年6月英语四级考试备考有帮助。

　　汇总：2017年6月英语四级阅读选词填空专项练习题及答案

　　Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive(认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.

　　The latter view has gained many supporters, __3__ among educators. But the careful use of small __4__ rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements(刺激) indeed __5__inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

　　“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively __6__ task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to __7__ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.

　　A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for __8__ achievement ends uPwith uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and __9__ failing grades.

　　In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows __10__ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

　　[A]mental

　　[B]promise

　　[C]kill

　　[D]avoid

　　[E]hope

　　[F]especially

　　[G]aid

　　[H]ordinary

　　[I]approval

　　[J]monetary

　　[K]generally

　　[L]improve

　　[M]challenging

　　[N]restore

　　[O]excellent

　　参考答案：

　　1.L

　　2.I

　　3.F

　　4.J

　　5.G

　　6.M

　　7.C

　　8.H

　　9.N

　　10.B

　　汇总：2017年6月英语四级阅读选词填空专项练习题及答案

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