四六级

　　英语六级听力改革后，考试题型变化较大，包括长对话、听力篇章和讲座，大家平时要有针对性的加强练习。本文是小编为大家提供的英语六级听力真题音频在线练习第4套讲座1，希望对大家更好地进行2017年6月英语六级备考有帮助。

英语六级听力真题音频在线练习第4套讲座1.mp3

　　Now listen to the following recording andanswer questions 16 to 18.

　　16

　　A.To create a relief printing surface.

　　B.To create the typeset, namely the hot metaltypeset.

　　C.To inject a molten metal alloy into a matrix.

　　D.To mix metals to create a new metal.

　　17

　　A.It dominates the printing industry for the 18th century.

　　B.It is much slower than the Gutenburg-style system.

　　C.Its operators have to place down one letter at a time.

　　D.It revolutionizes newspaper publishing.

　　18

　　A.It must be done with tools.

　　B.It can be a difficult and skillful task.

　　C.It doesn't need much skill.

　　D.It is easy but needs much patience.

　　Good evening. Everyone ready? Okay. Tonight we will discuss some of the details of the modem printing process. Let's welcome Professor Lee.

　　Good evening. Thank you for inviting me here. Tonight I will begin with the changes in the printing process introduced in the 19th century. First of all, we should know the first step a 19th-century printer had to do in order to print something. Okay, the first step in the 19th-century printing process was to create the typeset. Let me explain. By the 19th century, printers began using what we now call the hot metal typeset. Hot metal typesetting is a method, um, of creating a relief printing surface by injecting a molten metal alloy into a matrix. You may ask, "What's an alloy?" Hmm. An alloy is simply a mixture of metals to create a new metal. Anyways, this alloy was typically an alloy of lead, tin, and a small amount of antimony. It was pioneered by the companies Monotype and Linotype in the late 19th century, and their typesetting machines dominated the industry for the 20th century. Remember, computers weren't commonplace in the printing industry until the 1980s. Anyways, moving along, the Linotype machine uses a 90-character keyboard to create an entire line of metal type at once. This allows much faster printing than with the Gutenburg-style system, um, in which operators placed down one letter at a time. The machine revolutionized newspaper publishing, making it possible for a relatively small number of operators to set type for many pages on a daily basis.

　　You mean this was the first new printing process since Gutenburg?

　　Correct. Let me explain how it works. This new process was produced by Ottmar Mergenthaler in 1886. His Linotype machine was 2.1 meters tall. First of all, a typesetter would put the letter molds to be used to form a line on a page.

　　Once an entire line of molds was assembled, the machine poured molten type metal into the stacked-up molds. This produced a complete line of type in reverse, so it would read properly when used to transfer ink onto paper. The lines of type were then assembled by hand into a page. But the most difficult process was punch cutting. The cutting of letter punches was a highly-skilled craft requiring much patience and practice. This was almost never done with cutting tools, so they used what is called a counterpunch, which is a type of punch used in the cutting of other punches. I hope I didn't confuse anyone. Does everyone get this?

　　16. What is the first step of printing process in the 19th century?

　　17. What can we know about Linotype machine according to Professor Lee?

　　18. What do we know about punch cutting?

　　参考答案：

　　【小题16】B

　　【小题17】D

　　【小题18】B

　　习题解析：

　　【小题16】李教授在介绍 19 世纪的印刷程序时首先就谈到 the first step in the 19th-century printing process was to create the typeset，即 19 世纪的印刷程序的第一步是制版，因此选项 B 为答案。选项 A 和 C 都是对 the hot metal typeset 的具体解释，选项 D 是对 alloy 的具体解释，均排除。

　　【小题17】听力原文中提到 The machine revolutionized newspaper publishing, making it possible...，其中 the machine 就是指前面提到的 Linotype machine，由此可知，Linotype machine (划线机)给新闻出版业带来了变革，因此选项 D 为答案。选项 A 中提及的 18 世纪与原文不符，选项 B 与原文表述相反，选项 C 是 Gutenburg-style system 的特点，均排除。

　　【小题18】听力原文中提到 But the most difficult process was punch cutting. The cutting of letter punches was a highly-skilled craft requiring much patience and practice.指出穿孔切割是最难的一个过程，穿孔切割字母是一种高超的技艺，需要高度的耐心和反复的训练，因而 B 项表述符合原文，同时可以排除选项 C 和 D。听力原文中明确提到穿孔切割几乎从来不用切割工具，因而也可以排除 A 项。

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